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Saturday, March 24, 2012

MADURAI: In an effort to tap green energy, a college in the rural outskirts of the city has come up with a biogas plant in its campus that uses human and kitchen waste to produce cooking gas. In collaboration with the Sulabh International Social Service Organisation, Arul Anandar College at Karumathur near here successfully inaugurated the plant during the 42nd college day celebrations on Friday.

Principal Xavier Vedam said the biogas plant was the first of its kind in a college set up. "Along with various rural development activities taken up by the college, we thought of coming up with a biogas plant to use green energy from kitchen and human waste generated on the campus," he said. Sulabh International has been installing such plants in many parts of the country but were collaborating with a college for the first time, he added. "They contributed Rs 5 lakh of the Rs 9 lakh project. The plant became operational from February and we have observed that the monthly LPG usage has come down by 30%," Vedam said. "We will be happy to guide others who want to install a similar kind of biogas plant in their institutions," Vedam added.

"At present, we are using LPG cylinders to fire only the huge ovens used for cooking dosa, chapattis and use the gas from the biogas plant for cooking other things like vegetables, sambar etc. The LPG usage has come down significantly," Muthu, a hostel cook said.

Environ India, a Nagercoil based industry involved in setting up the biogas plant, installed the plant in the college. "The biogas plant uses anaerobic processes to produce methane from kitchen and human waste which is then used for cooking purposes. Organic waste management is a concern and if not disposed properly. Hence, setting up a biogas plant can be very useful for even a small household. The biogas plant made of FRP (fibre reinforced plastic) requires zero maintenance and is leakage-free unlike the conventional iron domes used earlier," Selva Baskar of Environ India said.

"The installation charges start from Rs 10,000 onwards and every day half a kg of biogas will be produced from the small household plant. For a month, it will be equivalent to an LPG cylinder of 14.5 kgs. Biogas plants are environment- friendly. St Xavier's college at Palayamkottai has also installed a small electrical unit of 5 kv using the biogas," Baskar added.

Bus stand bathed in darkness as biogas power plant lies idle
Wasted resources:A 5 KV power generator lying idle at the Salem Integrated New Bus Stand for several years now. -Photo: P. Goutham 

The Night Soil-based Biogas Plant installed at a cost of Rs. 14 lakh to generate five KV electricity for supplying to 100 tube lights at the Salem Integrated New Bus Stand is lying idle for a year now.

This results in a portion of the bus stand going without power and paving way for anti-social activities.

The Tamil Nadu Energy Development Agency (TEDA) had contributed Rs. 2 lakh for the project, while the Salem Corporation had contributed the remaining Rs. 12 lakh for installing the public toilet-linked bio gas plant near the first platform.

The process involves recycling and reuse of human excreta from public toilets through biogas generation by anaerobic digestion as the microorganisms break down biodegradable material and produce methane gas to run the 5 KV generator.

As biogas plant effluent can be discharged safely into water bodies without causing pollution, sanitation and bio-energy are added advantages.

But the generator that can produce 4,000 watt of power for running 100 tube lights has been lying idle for years.

A corporation official said that due to a block in the supply line from the public toilet to the biogas plant, power cannot be produced.

He added that the supply line was beneath the small park near the public toilet and it was not attended to for more than a year.

Around 100 tube lights on the bus premises were not working, leaving the place free for anti-social elements to carry out their activities. The safety of the passengers was also in jeopardy due to the absence of lights.

Corporation Commissioner M. Ashokan said that efforts are being taken to clear the block and the plant will be in full run in a week's time.

He said human excreta-based biogas system improves sanitation, makes energy available and reduces green-house effect, so and hence another plant near the second platform would be installed soon.


Microorganisms break down biodegradable material to produce methane gas

Friday, March 23, 2012

In a bid to generate awareness about biogas in rural areas

: In a bid to generate awareness about biogas in rural areas, a documentary film, ‘Energy Independence’ was released here on Wednesday.
The initiative, undertaken by department of nongovernmental organisation (NGO) management, Madras School of Social Work (MSSW) and NSS Empanelled Training Institute, was to promote awareness on sustainable energy in rural areas.
The 18-minute documentary, which was screened after an inaugural ceremony by Dr S Krishnaswamy, founder and managing director of Krishnaswamy Associates, was aimed at promoting biogas in villages, said D K Harish, a student of MSSW who directed the documentary.
The film was shot at Alathur village in Tiruvanmiyur and Marakanam village.
He said biogas in the villages had created energy independence.
“Earlier, the villages used steel-based system to generate gas, which was a costlier experience. Now, with emerging technology, they are using a fibre reinforced plant, which doesn’t require maintenance, said director of corporate social responsibility of Orchid Chemicals, C Mani.
Mani added that biogas was not successful previously because the government’s focus was on liquefied petroleum gas, which was not sustainable in the long run. He said demand for biogas is increasing now as it is cheaper. “Even many buildings in Chennai are opting for biogas in their complexes,” he said.
Fatima Vasanth, principal and secretary of Madras School of Social Work, said that biogas is an alternative energy and students in collaboration with NSS will spread awareness in villages by holding special camps.

Sunday, March 11, 2012

Biogas changing lives in Nyagatare Rwanda
solving the energy problem in Nyagatare district, the government for the past few years encouraged residents to use biogas.

Following a tour a made by rwandaenergy.com, Nyagatare Residents had a lot of success stories about Biogas;

Ngarambe Sylvère a resident of Karangazi sector, Nyagatare district says that “I am much grateful of biogas’ advantages. Biogas lefts everything clean, from your toilet whose waste is harnessed to kitchen and main houses’ rooms that are left without smoke.”
“Ever since I began using biogas, I have never painted my house again, yet before when I still used paraffin lamps, I painted quite often not to mention the hiking prices of paraffin and firewood.” Explains Ngarambe

Rwasamirira Tharcisse a worker at Practical Action (a government project meant to produce modern charcoal stoves) attributed part of the recommendable less deforestation to biogas.

“Biogas is a clean source of energy as it hardly tampers with forests or the ozone layer. If biogas plants are constructed across the whole district, there is no doubt a reasonable positive impact to be expected on both farm produce and over all living standards” said Rwasamirira

Engineer Habayo Sinibagiwe Juvenal a ministry of infrastructure worker stationed in Nyagatare lists down mostly secondary schools as their main concentration of constructing biogas tanks.

“Nyagatare, SOPEM Rukomo and ETP Nyarurema secondary schools some of the schools where biogas tanks are currently being constructed but with plans of shifting to more other schools.” Adds Engineer Habayo
Video | Biogas (Gobar gas)Technical Information in Hindi

Documentary made by NIOS:  NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OPEN SCHOOLING

Cow dung gas is 55-65% methane, 30-35% carbon dioxide, with some hydrogen, nitrogen and other traces. Its heating value is around 600 B.T.U. per cubic foot.
Natural gas consists of around 80 % methane, yielding a B.T.U. value of about 1000.
Biogas may be improved by filtering it through limewater to remove carbon dioxide, iron filings to absorb corrosive hydrogen sulphide and calcium chloride to extract water vapour after the other two processes.
Cow dung slurry is composed of 1.8-2.4% nitrogen (N2), 1.0-1.2% phosphorus (P2O5), 0.6-0.8% potassium (K2O) and 50-75% organic humus.



Biogs (Gobar gas)Technical Information in Hindi

Original post by Video | Biogas (Gobar gas)Technical Information in Hindi

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Friday, March 2, 2012

Types of Anaerobic Digesters Biogas Plant

Anaerobic digesters are capable of treating insoluble wastes and soluble waste-waters. Insoluble wastes such as particulate and colloidal organics are considered to be high-strength wastes and require lengthy digestion periods for hydrolysis and solubilization. Digester retention times of at least 10–20 days are typical for high-strength wastes. High-rate anaerobic digesters are used for the treatment of soluble wastewaters. Because these wastewaters do not require hydrolysis and solubilization of wastes, much faster rates of treatment are obtained. High-rate anaerobic digesters usually have retention times of less than 8 hours.
High-strength wastes are usually treated in suspended growth systems, whereas soluble wastewaters are usually treated in fixed-film systems. Several anaerobic digester processes and configurations are available for the treatment of insoluble wastes and soluble wastewaters . Each configuration impacts solids retention time (SRT) and hydraulic retention time (HRT). Minimal HRT is desired to reduce digester volume and capital costs. Maximal SRT is desired to achieve process stability and minimal sludge production Readmore