Large-scale biogas plants video Rwanda,

Large-scale biogas plants video Rwanda,





Comments:

Great ideas! Utilizing waste AND providing the inmates with highly viable skills simultaneously - brilliant!

On another note: making male prisoners wear pink, it that a form of punishment or what?
Gr8Teaist 7 months ago

@Gr8Teaist Not sure about the pink, but it must mean an escaped prisoner is easy to identify.
AshdenAwards 7 months ago

Hello,

Can I have the contact of the engineer who helped in building this? I am interested in a similar project in West Africa.
kohouwd 9 months ago

@kohouwd Hi. You can get the details on the Ashden Awards website. Go to the case study database, find KIST, and download the PDF, which includes contact details.
AshdenAwards 8 months ago

GREAT JOB, RWANDA, NOW LETS REINTEGREATE THIS PRISIONER INTO SOCIETE
ciceromatrix 1 year ago

how do i get in touch with some1 thta can build a biogas plant
chiluba123 1 year ago

@chiluba123 If you go to the Ashden Awards website, and download the case study for any of our biogas winners, you will find their contact details in there.
AshdenAwards 1 year ago

Ironic that Rwanda is going to leed the way for energy in USA. Good job Rwanda!!!!
gabbe81 2 years ago 2

"leed" the way. Pun intended? lol
yawakoben 1 year ago

congrats
exm5fe03 2 years ago

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Sweden to support biogas project in city

Sweden has initiated a process in extending support to New Delhi and Visakhapatnam in setting up biogas projects, High Representative of Indo-Swedish International Environmental Technology (ISETC) Mats Denninger has said.

He was addressing a visiting Indian delegation at the Swedish Prime Minister's Office on Wednesday after deliberations on Indo-Swedish collaboration in areas concerning energy and solid waste management.

Indian Ambassador in Sweden Ashok Sajjanwal said the Indian Government was keen on long–term collaboration between the two countries and the visit was aimed at strengthening the process.

Mayor Pulusu Janardhana Rao thanked Sweden for the support and said the delegation would visit various biogas plants in Sweden with a view to replicating the technology in Visakhapatnam.

Apart from the GVMC delegation that included Andhra University Professor Bala Prasad, Hyderabad Metropolitan Development Authority Commissioner Rajeswar Tiwari, Member, Environment, Sunil Kumar Gupta, Lokesh Jayaswal from the Department of Municipal Administration and Urban Development, Head of International Department, Swedish Energy Agency, Josephine Bahr Ljungdell, and ISETC Directors Michael Hagman and Tina Karlberg,

Arati Davis of the Swedish Embassy in New Delhi and Delhi Jal Board Chief Engineer V.S. Thind participated.
Source: http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/article2395438.ece

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BIO GAS VIDEO FROM INDIA

BIO GAS VIDEO FROM INDIA

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Biogas plant History and status in India

India's58' consumption ofenergy today is at 6500TWha-1, but this is expected to double in the near future. Today, about 2.5 Mio biogas plants are running, with an average size of 3-10 m3 ofdigester volume. Depending on the substrate, the plants generate 3-10 m3 biogas per day, enough to supply an average farmer family with energy for cooking, heating, and lighting.
The national advisory board for energy in India has published a report forecasting the required quantity and the manner of supply of energy in the future. The board estimates that India has enough resources to sustain 16-22 Mio small biogas plants with 2 m2 reactor volumes, each to supply sufficient energy for a farmer family with 4 cows. The estimates suggest that the plants will together provide an energy yield that corresponds to 13.4 Mio Mg of kerosene oil. The amount of fertilizer is projected at 4.4 MioMg.
In plants in India, the substrate, cattle dung, and biogenous waste, are manually mixed with water in a ratio of 10% dry matter to 90% water. The mix is filled into the digester by simply pushing. The reactor is neither heated nor isolated, enabling the fermentation process to take place at temperatures in the the region of 14 °C during winter and 25 2 C during summer. In the reactor itself, the substrate is mixed by a simple mixer which is operated manually. After a dwell time of the substrate in the reactor of around 100 days the fermented residue is removed with buckets or scoops. Pumping systems are not used.
In general, such a small biogas plant costs around 5000 Indian rupees (about 120 US$) per cubic meter of digester. The plants are constructed with the help of local artisans who receive a daily wage of 50 rupees (1.20 US$).
The construction of more and more biogas plants has revealed several beneficial side effects, such as a significant reduction in the exhaustive cultivation of forests. Unexpected successes were noted in the medical sector also. Since respiratory systems and eyes were no longer exposed to aggressive wood smoke from fires, the number of cases of acute asthma and eye diseases was significantly reduced.
Overall, the use of biogas for energy supply provides economic but also ecological and hygienic advantages.
Figure 4.3 Biogas plants. China: cross section of a "four in one" plant in China (1st row, left), "Four in one" plant in China (1st row, right)
Green house in China, part of a "Four in one" plant (2nd row, left), pig pen with loophole to digester and digester cover in the floor (2nd row, right)
Figure 4.3 Biogas plants. China: cross section of a "four in one" plant in China (1st row, left), "Four in one" plant in China (1st row, right)
Green house in China, part of a "Four in one" plant (2nd row, left), pig pen with loophole to digester and digester cover in the floor (2nd row, right)
Plastic biogas reactor in South Africa (3rd row, left), Moderm biogas plant in Kerala, India, (Suntechnics GmbH) producing 6.75 kW to lighten street-lamps (3^ row, right), Feeding of a biogas plant in Peru (4* row, left), Bioreactors in the Ukraine (Elenovka/ Dnipropetrovsk).

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Indian Biogas Association

Indian Biogas Association

The “Indian Biogas Association” aspires to be a unique blend of; nationwide operators, manufacturers and planners of biogas plants, and representatives from science and research. The association was founded in 2010 and is now ready to start mushrooming. The sole motto of the association is “propagating Biogas in a sustainable way”.
The association will have members from the different biogas related fields and one of the main aims of the association will be, to make politicians aware about the biogas potential. In addition, the association will also strive to attain the following objectives:

        1.       Promotion of technical developments in the biogas sector,

        2.       Promotion, evaluation and communication of research findings and practical experiences from the field of biogas technology for the benefit of the public and the environment,

        3.       Provide training for research and development growth

        4.       Issuing publications in text, image and sound,

        5.       Promoting exchanges of experience through participation and implementation of exhibitions, conferences and other events, 

  6. Promoting international exchange and knowledge sharing experiences

        7.       Creating a network of counselors by aggregating members in various regions

        8.       Development of quality standards for design, construction and components for biogas plants.

        9.       Development of quality standards for biogas fermentation residues,

        10.       Development of quality standards for the operation of biogas plants.

The Biogas Association pursues exclusive and direct charitable purposes and will be active to fulfill the above objectives.  Association funds will be used for statutory purposes. The members will receive NO compensation from the association funds. No person may benefit from expenditures that are not the purpose of the association and No person will receive disproportionately high remuneration from the association.

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biogas demand in India

biogas demand in India

New biogas products to meet growing demand in India

As part of our judging process earlier this year, David Fulford had the chance to catch up with BIOTECH Ltd, in Kerala, India. Their award-winning work is building domestic, commercial and municipal biogas plants. BIOTECH has grown a lot since winning in 2007 and as a result of their ongoing research and development, they’ve now developed two innovations which takes them closer to meeting the large demand for their biogas systems.
The need for biogas is massive in urban areas; food waste from markets, for example, is a huge problem. Animals often break open refuse bags and municipal councils and households are looking for a good way to deal with a stinky and unhygienic problem.

 

A biogas plant works by taking food waste or even sewage and letting microbes digest it in a sealed container until a gas is produced. This gas can then be then burnt safely and used for cooking, lighting or running engines. If you’d like a more in-depth explanation of how it works, we’ve got great technical pages  .
BIOTECH were doing well when they won an award, but now their trade is really soaring. They’ve sold 22,000 domestic plants 270 institutional plants and 62 waste-to-electricity plants – councils love these as they can use the electricity to light streets in the early mornings and evenings. This mobile demonstration unit is in constant demand in towns and villages:

Changing the material that domestic plants are made from has made a huge difference. David Fulford reports on why BIOTECH took the step to move from using glass reinforced plastic (grp) to High Density Polyethene (HDPE):
“The problem with the original domestic systems is that the demand is growing rapidly, but the production capacity is limited. Biotech’s grp manufacturing unit can only make one domestic plant a day for each set of moulds. In order to meet the increasing demand, they worked with Capital Polymers of Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala to design and make dies for a domestic biogas plant made from spun HDPE. One stainless steel die can be used to make 20 to 25 units a day. At present they have 3 dies in use and have installed 400 of these systems. Biotech Ltd has moved from a cottage industry to a factory production line. They are now selling between 5 and 10 units a day and demand is still increasing.”

 For their larger systems BIOTECH have also developed a modular two stage digestion system made from grp which are much quicker to install and is much more efficient than their original designs.  This system is still under development.
David, who had the chance to see one of these in action while he was visiting, explains how they work:
“The system is designed to work mainly with gravity, although there is one pump to recycle the effluent liquid to the feed tank. The food waste - kitchen peelings, leftovers and cooking water - is put in the feed hopper of one of several pre-digesters. Inside the vessel is a screen that prevents the solid material from continuing through the system. The liquid from the outlet of the digester is pumped into a storage tank, from which it flows slowly through the pre-digester. The microbes in the liquid dissolve out digestible matter, which is flushed into the main digester tanks.
Once a predigester is filled with solid material, which takes several weeks (up to three months) the next one is used. The full pre-digester is drained of liquid and the solid matter removed by hand. The food materials are not crushed or ground, but the microbes dissolve any digestible matter over time. The material that is left has little smell and forms good quality compost quickly. Both the solid compost and the excess liquor can be sold as biofertiliser and there is a good market in places such as Kochi for farmers and gardeners.
The main digester tanks are designed to be high-rate digesters. There are usually two or more main digester tanks connected in series. Biogas is generated in the pre and main digesters and taken from the top of the containers through pipes to a gas storage system. The gas is cleaned of hydrogen sulphide and stored in flexible synthetic bags, enclosed in a cylindrical tank. A system of counterbalances and weights controls the gas pressure in the bags. The gas is either used for cooking in kitchens or to run an engine to generate electricity for lighting.”

 

 Source:biogas demand in India

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Small scale Biomethanation (Biogas) in India

Small scale Biomethanation (Biogas) in India 

 

**References in this post need to be updated**

Anaerobic digestion (AD) of kitchen waste to produce biogas and liquid slurry on a small scale has been very successful in India, especially South India, where the region’s temperate weather conditions favor the process yearlong.  Many households have such biogas units installed. Total number of units installed in cities is unknown as there are too many companies offering them and the units being installed in both urban and rural areas, while the numbers are not necessarily recorded. In order to have a closer look at this technology, the author identified a private company called Biotech with its office in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala as a case study for small scale biogas. This company alone installed twenty thousand (20,000) units of small scale biogas in Thiruvanathapuram and Kochi, combined. These units divert about 40 tons of waste from landfills, which is 7% of the organic waste generated in both cities combined. It also implies avoidance of 4.7% of collection and transportation costs and resulting GHG emissions.

A small scale (2 kg per day) Biogas unit at Biotech's office in Thiruvananthapuram

**References in this post need to be updated**

Capacity and Cost

The units are smaller in size, flexible with feed and operation when compared to its counterparts. They cost $ 470 (INR 21,000) per unit and almost half of this cost is subsidized in different ways. The remaining cost of the digester is paid back in approximately 3 years in the form of savings on cooking fuel. Each unit can handle kitchen waste from a household with 3 – 5 members and can generate one cubic meter of biogas every day. Biogas mainly constitutes methane and carbon dioxide and the unit can be connected directly to a cooking stove. Per capita organic waste generation in Thiruvanathapuram and Kochi is 0.17 kg/day and 0.38 kg/day respectively. A single household in Thiruvanathapuram and Kochi produce 0.51 – 0.85 kg/day and 1.14 – 1.9 kg/day respectively (depending on the number of persons in the house). Thus, the capacity of these biogas units is enough for households in these two cities and each unit occupies only 1.25 sq.m of space.

The technology was successfully scaled-up by the company to handle 300 kg of organic wastes every day. Space required per kg of waste treated increases with the scale due to increase in the number of single-units used and piping involved. More than 235 institutional units were installed at different hotels and canteens, hospitals, schools, markets and slaughter houses. These institutions use a generator to convert the biogas into electricity which in turn is generally used for street lighting. 1 cu.m of gas can produce 1.5 KW of electricity.

**References in this post need to be updated**

Comparison

This decentralized technology will be helpful in solving MSWM crisis in India sustainably but it takes many single units to address organic waste from a single community. Also, the technology would be able to address only 51% of the waste stream in Thiruvanathapuram or Kochi. The public investment into the technology is comparatively much higher (Table 1). Also, the units produce organic slurry which needs to be properly utilized. Table 1 is a comparison between small scale biogas and WTE incineration as waste to energy solutions to the MSWM crisis in Chennai. The values used in these calculations are generation of 6,464 TPD of MSW (in year 2005), organic waste percentage of 41% and calorific value of 10.9 MJ/kg.

Table: Comparison of small scale biogas and WTE incineration as options for MSWM for Chennai (cost in $)

	Small Scale Biogas	WTE Incineration	Comparison
Capital cost*	623 million	241 million
Operational +transportation cost* (20 yrs)	Negligible	243 million
Total expenses to society	623 million Note: Present Value	484 million Note: Future Value	0.77
Landfilling avoided (%)	41%	90%	2.1
Electric energy produced (MWh/day/ton)	0.75	0.76
Total energy produced in 20 yrs (MWh)	26 million	64 million	2.5
Pollution from transportation avoided	41%	0	41

*Costs calculated for the society as a whole

Despite the huge difference in total costs which is because of the difference in scale of the technologies compared, small scale anaerobic digestion would (is more likely) be the most sustainable way to treat source separated organic wastes considering the avoidance of emissions from transportation. Since anaerobic digestion works only for source separated organics as is the case with small scale biogas plants, it is not at all an option for mixed solid wastes. As source separation is not practiced in India, it is difficult to collect separated organic wastes on a large scale. That also explains why large scale biomethanation which could have been an option otherwise is not a part of this report.

 

Source : http://bio-gas-plant.blogspot.com/2011/08/small-scale-biomethanation-biogas-or.html

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